Heat illness rules by state: which states protect construction workers in 2026

Heat illness rules by state: registry of rules, laws and pending actions

Checked quarterly. Last checked 2026-10-08. Entries are neutral records of public data; each links to its source record.

Heat illness rules by state: the 2026 count for construction

Six states have an enforceable workplace heat rule that reaches construction work, and five of them cover outdoor job sites. The other 44 states and the District of Columbia have no heat-specific rule for construction, so heat hazards there are cited under general duty clauses.

California, Washington, Oregon, Maryland and Nevada enforce heat illness rules that apply to outdoor construction work as of 2026-10-08 (8 CCR 3395, WAC 296-62-09530, OAR 437-002-0156, COMAR 09.12.32, Nevada R131-24).

Minnesota is the sixth state with an enforceable heat limit, but Minnesota's rule covers only indoor places of employment, using wet bulb globe temperature limits (Minn. R. 5205.0110). Indoor construction work in an enclosed building falls under that limit; outdoor sites do not.

Colorado has a heat rule, but Colorado's rule covers agriculture only and does not apply to construction (7 CCR 1103-15). Colorado HB26-1272, signed on 2026-06-04, orders data collection and a model prevention plan by 2028-07-01 rather than a mandatory standard (Colorado General Assembly).

Every state with a heat rule that covers private employers runs an OSHA-approved State Plan, except Colorado, which used its agricultural labor law. OSHA lists 21 states with State Plans covering private sector workers; 6 of those 21 states (28.6%) have a heat rule (OSHA State Plans). The remaining 29 states and the District of Columbia are under federal OSHA jurisdiction for most private employers, which includes Florida and Texas.

What the state rules require: water, shade, rest, acclimatization and written plans

The four states with numeric outdoor triggers share a common core: water, shade, close observation of new workers and a written plan. They differ most on mandatory rest at high heat, where California sets no schedule for construction.

Heat index: A National Weather Service measure that combines air temperature and relative humidity. Oregon, Maryland and the federal proposal use heat index; California and Washington use air temperature (COMAR 09.12.32.03).

WBGT (wet bulb globe temperature): An index of combined air temperature, humidity, air speed and radiant heat. Minnesota sets indoor limits in WBGT (Minn. R. 5205.0110).

• Water: California and Washington require access to 1 quart per employee per hour; Oregon and Maryland require 32 ounces per employee per hour, the same volume (8 CCR 3395(c), WAC 296-62-09540, OAR 437-002-0156(4), COMAR 09.12.32.07).
• Shade: all four numeric-trigger states require shade or an equally effective cooling method once the trigger is reached; Oregon and Maryland require shade open on at least three sides (WAC 296-62-09535, COMAR 09.12.32.06).
• Rest: Washington requires paid cool-down rest of 10 minutes every 2 hours at 90°F and 15 minutes every hour at 100°F (WAC 296-62-09547). Maryland and Oregon set the same 10 and 15 minute minimums by heat index.
• California's 10-minute rest every 2 hours at 95°F applies only to agriculture; construction workers in California may take a cool-down rest on request, for at least 5 minutes (8 CCR 3395(d)(3), (e)(6)).
• Acclimatization: California and Washington require close observation for 14 days; Maryland requires a written schedule of up to 14 days with no more than 20% added exposure per day; Oregon requires a written acclimatization plan.
• Written plan: California, Washington, Oregon and Maryland require one; Nevada requires heat provisions in the written safety program of employers with more than 10 employees (R131-24).

The rest comparison assumes a full 8-hour shift above the trigger. A 90°F air temperature in Washington and a 90°F heat index in Maryland are different conditions: on a humid day the heat index can pass 90 while the air temperature is lower, so the heat-index rules can start earlier.

Trigger temperatures: 80°F starts protections in every numeric state rule

All four state rules with numeric outdoor triggers start at 80°F. High-heat steps start at 90°F in three of them and 95°F in California.

California, Washington, Oregon and Maryland all set the first trigger at 80°F, so 4 of 4 numeric outdoor rules use the same starting point (rule texts above). The federal proposal also uses an 80°F heat index initial trigger (89 FR 70698).

High-heat procedures start at 90°F in Washington, Oregon and Maryland (3 of 4 rules) and at 95°F in California, where construction is a listed high-heat industry (8 CCR 3395(a)(2), (e)).

Washington drops the trigger to 52°F for workers in nonbreathable or vapor barrier clothing, the lowest trigger in any state rule (WAC 296-62-09530 Table 1). California's indoor rule starts at 82°F, with control duties at 87°F (8 CCR 3396).

Nevada sets no temperature trigger. Instead, employers with more than 10 employees must complete a one-time written job hazard analysis listing job classifications in which most workers face heat exposure for more than 30 minutes of any 60-minute period (R131-24, sec. 5).

How much of the construction workforce the state rules cover

About one in five US private construction jobs is in a state with a heat rule. Florida and Texas, which preempt local heat rules, hold a slightly larger share than the five outdoor-rule states combined.

The five outdoor-rule states held 1,489,600 private construction jobs in 2025, 18.1% of the US total of 8,251,002 (BLS QCEW, 2025 annual averages). Adding Minnesota raises the share to 19.8%.

States with numeric outdoor triggers (California, Washington, Oregon, Maryland) held 16.7% of US private construction jobs in 2025. That leaves 80.2% of private construction jobs in states with no state heat rule reaching construction.

Florida and Texas together held 1,557,609 private construction jobs in 2025, 18.9% of the US total, more than the five outdoor-rule states combined. Texas alone, at 901,963 jobs, is larger than California at 892,415 jobs.

States that preempt local heat rules: Florida and Texas

Florida and Texas have no statewide workplace heat standard and both bar local governments from adding one for private employers.

Florida's HB 433, effective 2024-07-01, created section 448.106 of the Florida Statutes, which bars counties, cities and other political subdivisions from requiring employers, including employers contracting with them, to meet heat exposure requirements beyond state or federal law (enrolled text). The law lists 9 types of covered requirements, from water and cooling to training and recordkeeping, and still lets local governments set rules for their own direct employees.

Texas HB 2127, the Texas Regulatory Consistency Act, took effect 2023-09-01 and bars cities and counties from regulating conduct in fields occupied by 8 state codes, including the Labor Code (Texas Legislature Online). The law is not heat-specific. The Texas Tribune reported that it covers ordinances such as the Dallas and Austin water-break rules for construction workers (Texas Tribune).

On 2025-07-18 the Texas Third Court of Appeals reversed a trial court judgment that had declared HB 2127 unconstitutional and dismissed the cities' suit for lack of standing, without prejudice (No. 03-23-00531-CV).

This review did not identify another state statute that expressly preempts local workplace heat rules; the registry is limited to laws verified in official text.

Where the federal OSHA heat rule stands

OSHA published a heat standard proposal on 2024-08-30, held a hearing in 2025 and closed the record on 2025-10-30. As of the CRS update of 2026-08-18, OSHA had taken no further action; the latest Unified Agenda lists a supplemental proposal for December 2026.

Federal OSHA has no heat-specific standard; it cites heat hazards under the general duty clause, Section 5(a)(1) of the OSH Act (CRS IN11701).

The proposal, Heat Injury and Illness Prevention in Outdoor and Indoor Work Settings, would apply to construction through a new 29 CFR 1926.67 that adopts the general industry text at 1910.148 (89 FR 70698). At an 80°F heat index it would require water (1 quart per employee per hour), shaded or air-conditioned break areas and rest as needed; at a 90°F heat index, a paid rest break of at least 15 minutes every 2 hours and observation for heat illness.

The written comment period closed on 2025-01-14 with more than 43,000 comments, the informal hearing ran from 2025-06-16 to 2025-07-02, and post-hearing comments closed on 2025-10-30 (OSHA rulemaking page, 90 FR 46110).

The Fall 2025 Unified Agenda lists the next step as a supplemental proposed rule in December 2026 and final action in October 2027 (RIN 1218-AD39). On 2026-10-08 the proposal had been pending for 769 days. S.4427, introduced on 2026-04-29 with 12 cosponsors, would bar OSHA from finalizing the 2024 proposal or a substantially similar standard (Congress.gov).

OSHA conducted an average of 2,400 heat-related inspections a year in 2022 to 2025, 6% of all federal OSHA inspections, according to CRS (CRS IN11701). The 2026 program removed 46 industries, kept 33 and added 22, and dropped the numeric inspection goal. For citation patterns on commercial sites see OSHA violations in commercial construction.

States moving toward a rule: Virginia, New Mexico, Arizona and New York City

Virginia is the only state with a statutory deadline for a new heat standard. New Mexico's proposal has stalled, and Arizona chose guidelines over rulemaking.

Virginia's 2026 law, Va. Code 40.1-44.2, requires the Safety and Health Codes Board to adopt an indoor and outdoor heat illness standard by 2028-05-01, covering water, shade or climate-controlled areas, rest, acclimatization, training, high-heat procedures and emergency response, with an exemption for exposures of 15 consecutive minutes or less (Code of Virginia). The Virginia Department of Labor and Industry scheduled 3 advisory panel meetings for October 15, October 29 and November 12, 2026 (Virginia DOLI).

New Mexico's Environment Department proposed 11.5.7 NMAC in March 2025. The hearing set for January 12 to 14, 2026 was reset to begin 2026-05-04 (EIB order), and on 2026-08-11 the Department filed a fourth motion to vacate the 2026-09-21 hearing and move it to March 22 to 26, 2027, stating that consensus had not been reached (NMED motion). New Mexico and Virginia together held 284,597 private construction jobs in 2025, 3.4% of the US total.

Arizona has no heat standard. The Industrial Commission of Arizona approved heat guidelines for its state emphasis program on 2026-04-09 without starting a rulemaking, according to Cronkite News (Cronkite News). The City of Phoenix requires City contractors to keep a written heat safety plan (City of Phoenix).

New York has no state heat rule for private employers. New York City Executive Order 17, signed 2026-06-22, directs the Department of Buildings to review whether construction safety requirements protect against heat illness and to remind contractors to report heat incidents (NYC Mayor's Office).

Heat deaths in construction: why the rules focus on job sites

Construction accounted for half of US work deaths from environmental heat in 2024 while holding about 6% of private payroll jobs.

Exposure to environmental heat killed 48 US workers in 2024, and 24 of them (50.0%) worked in private construction (BLS CFOI Table A-9, 2024). 22 of the 24 construction heat deaths (91.7%) were outdoor exposures.

Construction held 6.14% of US private payroll employment in 2024 (BLS QCEW), so construction's share of heat deaths was 8.1 times its share of jobs. Heat was 2.3% of the 1,034 construction fatal injuries in 2024; see construction worker deaths for the full breakdown.

All-worker heat deaths averaged 46.8 a year from 2019 to 2024 and fell by 7 from 2023 to 2024. BLS did not publish a construction heat count for 2019, 2021 or 2023, and published 21 for 2020 and 17 for 2022. CFOI counts fatal injuries, so heat illness deaths without a recorded injury event may be missed. The 2024 data were released on 2026-02-19 (BLS).

Heat exposure follows the building season; construction seasonality shows how construction activity peaks in summer months, and construction safety data covers other site hazards.

Counts and distributions

Download the calculations (CSV)

Key findings

1. Five US states enforce heat illness rules that cover outdoor construction work as of 2026-10-08: California, Washington, Oregon, Maryland and Nevada.^{[1][5][11][13][14]}
2. Minnesota is the only other state with an enforceable heat limit reaching construction, and it applies only to indoor places of employment.^[16]
3. Colorado's heat rule, effective 2022-05-01, covers agriculture only and does not apply to construction.^[17]
4. All 4 state rules with numeric outdoor triggers start protections at 80°F; 3 start high-heat steps at 90°F and California at 95°F.^{[1][9][11][13]}
5. The five outdoor-rule states held 1,489,600 private construction jobs in 2025, 18.1% of the US total.^[45]
6. Florida and Texas, which preempt local heat rules, held 1,557,609 private construction jobs in 2025, 18.9% of the US total.^[45][24][26]
7. Washington, Oregon and Maryland require at least 10 minutes of rest every 2 hours at 90°F and 15 minutes every hour at 100°F; California sets no rest schedule for construction.^{[9][11][13][1]}
8. Federal OSHA's heat proposal, published 2024-08-30, would set an 80°F heat index trigger and paid 15-minute breaks every 2 hours at a 90°F heat index.^[29]
9. OSHA closed the heat rule record on 2025-10-30, and CRS reported on 2026-08-18 that no further action had been taken.^[32][37]
10. The Fall 2025 Unified Agenda lists a supplemental heat proposal for December 2026 and final action for October 2027.^[33]
11. OSHA reissued its Heat National Emphasis Program on 2026-04-10 for up to 5 years, targeting 55 industries including 8 construction groups.^[34][35]
12. Construction accounted for 24 of 48 US work deaths from environmental heat in 2024 (50.0%).^[38]
13. Virginia must adopt a heat illness standard by 2028-05-01 under a 2026 law; New Mexico's proposed rule hearing may move to March 2027.^[23][22][21]

Executive summary

• Five states enforce heat rules covering outdoor construction: California, Washington, Oregon, Maryland and Nevada. Minnesota sets indoor-only limits.
• Colorado's heat rule covers agriculture only; its 2026 law adds a model plan by 2028-07-01, not a mandate.
• California, Washington, Oregon and Maryland all start water and shade duties at 80°F; high-heat steps start at 90°F, except California at 95°F.
• The five rule states hold 18.1% of US private construction jobs; Florida and Texas, which preempt local heat rules, hold 18.9%.
• Federal OSHA's 2024 proposal is unfinished: the record closed 2025-10-30 and a supplemental proposal is listed for December 2026.
• OSHA reissued its Heat National Emphasis Program on 2026-04-10, covering 8 construction industry groups.
• Construction accounted for 50.0% of US work deaths from environmental heat in 2024.

Frequently asked questions

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Methodology

Selection: CB&C reviewed the official text of every state workplace heat rule named by OSHA, CRS and the brief (California, Washington, Oregon, Colorado, Maryland, Nevada, Minnesota), plus pending actions found in agency dockets and legislative sites (New Mexico, Virginia, Colorado HB26-1272) and state preemption laws (Florida HB 433, Texas HB 2127). Rule texts were read on agency or legislature websites; Oregon OSHA documents and some other pages were retrieved through a text proxy because of network or bot blocks, and copies are stored with the report data.

Inclusion: a state counts as having a rule covering construction only if an enforceable regulation applies to private construction work. Guidelines, emphasis programs, executive orders for public contractors, statutes that only direct future rulemaking, and proposed rules are listed in the registry but not counted. Colorado is excluded from the count because its rule covers agriculture only.

Conflicting sources: OSHA's Heat Standards page lists 5 states and omits Maryland and Nevada; CRS (updated 2026-08-18) and the rule texts confirm both, so both are included. Where a news report gave a different signing date than the official bill history (Colorado HB26-1272), the official date was used.

Derived metrics: employment shares use BLS QCEW 2025 annual averages for private NAICS 23 (final data posted 2026-08-28). Rest minutes per shift multiply each rule's minimum rest by the number of intervals in an 8-hour shift. The heat death concentration ratio divides construction's 2024 share of heat deaths (CFOI) by its 2024 share of private payroll jobs (QCEW). All formulas and input rows are in derived_metrics.csv.

Limitations: air temperature and heat index triggers are not directly comparable; QCEW excludes self-employed workers while CFOI includes them; CFOI construction heat counts are small and unpublished in 3 of the 6 years shown; Unified Agenda dates are projections. Only the bill text and official pages listed were checked; other introduced bills in 2026 sessions were not reviewed in full.

Last updated 2026-10-08. The registry is re-checked quarterly. The current BLS CFOI release covers 2024 (released 2026-02-19); 2025 data had not been released when this report was checked.

This report presents published data with its limitations. It is not legal, financial or investment advice.

Sources, ranked by quality

Tier 1: primary and official sources (50)

• [1] California Department of Industrial Relations (Cal/OSHA). 8 CCR 3395, Heat Illness Prevention in Outdoor Places of Employment. Current text; amendment operative 2015-05-01. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [2] California Department of Industrial Relations (Cal/OSHA). 8 CCR 3396, Heat Illness Prevention in Indoor Places of Employment. Operative 2024-07-23. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [3] California Department of Industrial Relations (Cal/OSHA). Cal/OSHA Heat Illness Prevention Guidance and Resources. Agency page as posted. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [4] Washington State Legislature. WAC 296-62-09510, Outdoor heat exposure: scope and purpose. Current text; effective 2023-07-17. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [5] Washington State Legislature. WAC 296-62-09530, Employer and employee responsibility (Table 1 temperatures). Current text; effective 2023-07-17. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [6] Washington State Legislature. WAC 296-62-09535, Access to shade. Current text; effective 2023-07-17. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [7] Washington State Legislature. WAC 296-62-09540, Drinking water. Current text; effective 2023-07-17. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [8] Washington State Legislature. WAC 296-62-09545, Acclimatization. Current text; effective 2023-07-17. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [9] Washington State Legislature. WAC 296-62-09547, High heat procedures. Current text; effective 2023-07-17. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [10] Washington State Department of Labor & Industries. Be Heat Smart: outdoor heat exposure rule requirements and FAQ. Agency page as posted. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [11] Oregon OSHA. Division 2, Subdivision J, General Environmental Controls (OAR 437-002-0156 Heat Illness Prevention). Rule book AO 1-2025; rule effective 2022-06-15. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [12] Oregon OSHA. Frequently Asked Questions: Heat Illness Prevention Rules (440-5866). Publication as posted. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [13] Maryland Department of Labor (MOSH). COMAR 09.12.32, Heat Stress Standards. Effective 2024-09-30. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [14] Nevada Legislative Counsel Bureau. Approved Regulation R131-24 (heat illness), Division of Industrial Relations. Filed 2024-11-15. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [15] Nevada Department of Business and Industry. Nevada OSHA Heat Regulation Enforcement Begins April 29, 2025. Press release dated 2025-04-21. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [16] Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes. Minn. R. 5205.0110, Indoor ventilation and temperature in places of employment. Text published 2014-10-02. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [17] Colorado Department of Labor and Employment. 7 CCR 1103-15, Agricultural Labor Conditions Rules (Rule 3, heat). Effective 2022-05-01. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [18] Colorado General Assembly. HB26-1272 Extreme Temperatures Worker Protections. Signed 2026-06-04. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [19] New Mexico Environment Department. Heat Illness and Injury Prevention rulemaking page (proposed 11.5.7 NMAC). Docket page as posted. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [20] New Mexico Environmental Improvement Board. EIB 25-11 (R), Order on Second Motion to Reset the Hearing Date. Order dated 2025-11-10. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [21] New Mexico Environment Department. EIB 25-11 (R), Fourth Motion to Vacate and Reschedule Rulemaking Hearing Date. Motion dated 2026-08-11. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [22] Virginia Department of Labor and Industry. Virginia's Heat Illness Prevention Standard. Agency page as posted. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [23] Virginia Legislative Information System. Code of Virginia 40.1-44.2, Standards for heat illness prevention. 2026 Acts cc. 731, 732. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [24] The Florida Senate. CS/CS/HB 433 (2024), Employment Regulations: bill history. Chapter 2024-80. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [25] The Florida Senate. CS/CS/HB 433 (2024) enrolled text, creating s. 448.106, F.S.. Enrolled 2024. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [26] Texas Legislature Online. HB 2127, 88th Legislature (R): bill history. Effective 2023-09-01. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [27] Texas Court of Appeals, Third District. State of Texas v. City of Houston et al., No. 03-23-00531-CV, opinion. Filed 2025-07-18. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [29] Federal Register (GPO govinfo copy). Heat Injury and Illness Prevention in Outdoor and Indoor Work Settings, proposed rule, 89 FR 70698. Published 2024-08-30. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [30] Federal Register. NPRM extension of comment period and notice of informal hearing, 89 FR 94631. Published 2024-11-29. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [31] Federal Register. Extension of post-hearing comment period, 90 FR 46110. Published 2025-09-25. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [32] U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA. Heat Injury and Illness Prevention in Outdoor and Indoor Work Settings Rulemaking. Agency page as posted. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [33] Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (RegInfo.gov). Unified Agenda entry, RIN 1218-AD39 (Fall 2025 edition, pubId 202510). Fall 2025 Unified Agenda (latest edition listing this RIN). Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [34] U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA. CPL 03-00-024, National Emphasis Program: Outdoor and Indoor Heat-Related Hazards (2026). Effective 2026-04-10. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [35] U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA. US Department of Labor updates national emphasis program to protect workers from indoor, outdoor heat hazards. Release dated 2026-04-10. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [36] Congress.gov. S.4427, Heat Workforce Standards Act of 2026 (119th Congress). Introduced 2026-04-29. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [37] Congressional Research Service. CRS Insight IN11701, OSHA Regulation of Employee Exposure to Heat (version 10). Updated 2026-08-18. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [38] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. CFOI Table A-9: fatal occupational injuries by event or exposure and major private industry sector, 2024. 2024 (released 2026-02-19). Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [39] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. CFOI Table A-9, 2023. 2023. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [40] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. CFOI Table A-9, 2022. 2022. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [41] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. CFOI Table A-9, 2021. 2021. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [42] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. CFOI Table A-9, 2020. 2020. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [43] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. CFOI Table A-9, 2019. 2019. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [44] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. National Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries in 2024 (USDL-26-0230). Released 2026-02-19. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [45] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. QCEW open data, 2025 annual averages, NAICS 23 Construction, private, by state. 2025 annual average (final data posted 2026-08-28). Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [46] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. QCEW open data, 2024 annual averages, United States, all industries. 2024 annual average. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [47] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. QCEW schedule of news releases and full data availability. Schedule as posted. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [48] U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA. State Plans. Agency page as posted. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [49] U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA. Heat: Standards. Agency page as posted. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [50] City of New York, Office of the Mayor. Executive Order No. 17: Protecting Workers From Extreme Heat. Signed 2026-06-22. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [51] City of Phoenix. Worker Safety Ordinance (heat safety plans for City contractors). Agency page as posted. Accessed 2026-10-08.

Tier 3: journalism and expert commentary (5)

• [28] The Texas Tribune. Appeals court upholds Texas law limiting cities' enforcement of local ordinances. Article dated 2025-07-18. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [52] Cronkite News (Arizona PBS). New Arizona guidelines aim to protect workers from heat, but fall short of enforceable standards. Article dated 2026-04-20. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [53] MultiState. 18 States Propose Heat Safety Legislation in 2025. Article dated 2025-07-16. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [54] Natural Resources Defense Council. Occupational Heat Safety Standards in the United States (interactive map). Page dated 2026-09-28. Accessed 2026-10-08.
• [55] Fisher Phillips. OSHA Updates its Heat Emphasis Program. Insight dated 2026-04-22. Accessed 2026-10-08.